英语部分
Chinese to English
1．The substance does not dissolve in water (不管是否加热)。2．Not only (他向我收费过高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.
3.Your losses in trade this year are nothing (与我的相比)。
4.On average, it is said, visitors spend only (一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London.
5.By contrast, American mothers were more likely (把孩子的成功归因于)
6Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble (找到去历史博物馆的路).
7 (为了挣钱供我上学), Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.
8The professor required that (我们交研究报告)。9 The more you explain, (我愈糊涂).
10 Though a skilled worker, (他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.
11.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to (适应不同文化中
的生活)
12.Since my childhood I have found that (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力)
13.The victim (本来有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.
14.Some psychologists claim that people (出门在外时可能会感到孤独) 15．The nation’s population continues to rise (以每年1200 万人的速度) Keys:
1.whether (it is) heated or not
2.Not only did he charge me too much 或Not only did he overcharge me
3.compared with mine 或 in comparison with mine
4.half as much（money）
5.to attribute/ascribe their children’s success to
6.finding the way to the history museum
7.In order to support my university studies (或：to finance my education；to pay for
my education/to pay my tuition fees）
8.we(should) hand in our/the research report(s)
9.the more confused I am
10.he was fired by the company
11.adapt oneself to life/living in different cultures
12.nothing is more attractive to me than reading 或to me, nothing is more important
than reading
13.would have had a chance to survive 或would have survived
14.might feel lonely when they are far from home/ are not in their hometown/ traveling.
15.at a speed/rate of 12 million per year 或 at an annual speed of 12 million English to Chinese
People have wondered for a long time how their personalities，and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not， or
why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
Social scientists are，of course，extremely interested in these types of questions.
（1）They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet，but two distinct schools of thought on the
matter have developed. As one might expect，the two approaches are very different from each other. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as nature vs. nurture.
（2）Those who support the nature side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.
（3）
That our environment has little，if anything，to do with our abilities， characteristics
and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme，this theory maintains that
our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.
Those who support the nurture theory，that is，they advocate education，are often called behaviorists. They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist ， B.F.Skinner，sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings（. 4）The behaviorists maintain that，like machines，humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior.
Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic， intelligence，offered by the two theories（. 5）Supporters of the nature theory insist that
we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined. Needless to say，they don’t believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic. On the other hand， behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences.
（6）
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will
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experience greater intellectual development.
The social and political implications of these two theories are profound.（7）In the United States，blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests.
This leads some nature proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to
whites.（8）Behaviorists，in contrast，say that differences in scores are due to the fact
that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. Keys:
1.After seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office.
A. that B. there C. what D. it (C)
例2：There is no doubt the company has made the right decision on the sales project.
A. why B. that C. whether D. when (B)
例3：All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there quite such a crowd of people there.
A. weren’t B. hasn’t been
C. hadn’t been D. wouldn’t be (C)
例4： I sympathize, I can’t really do very much to help them out of the difficulties.
A. As long as B. As
C. While D. Even (C)
The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, by the police each time.
A. had been captured B. being always captured
C. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured (C)
2.非限定性动词及其被动语态的用法
（包括动词的不定式、现在分词和过去分词及其在被动语态中的用法。）
例1：The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, by the police each time.
A. had been captured B. being always captured
C. only to be captured D. unfortunately captured (C)
例2：Professor Johnson is said some significant advance in his research in the past year.
A. having made B. making
C. to have made D. to make (C)
例3：There nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.
A. to be B. to have been C. being D. be (C)
例4： at in this way, the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy.
A .Looking B. Looked
C. Having looked D. To look (B)
例1：He unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.
A. may have acted B. must have acted
C. should act D. would act
（A
例2：Much as , I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.
A. I would have liked to B. I would like to have
C. I should have to like D. I should have liked to
（A）
例3：You Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.
A. needn’t have told B. needn’t tell
C. mustn’t have told D. mustn’t tell
（A）
例4：As it turned out to be a small house party, we so formally.
A.need not have dressed up
B.must not have dressed up
C.did not need to dress up
D.must not dress up
（A）
例1：Fat cannot change into muscle muscle changes into fat.
A. any more than B. no more than
C. no less than D. much more than
（A）
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例2：John is hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.
A. no less B. no more C. not less D. no so
（A）
例3：There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than in the public mind today.
A. exists B. exist
C. existing D. to exist
（A）
例4：The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious than
.
A. is necessary B. being necessary C. to be necessary
D. it is necessary （A）
例1：You needn’t worry regards the cost of the operation.
A. with B. which C. as D. about
（C）
例2：His strong sense of humor was make everyone in the room burst out laughing.
A. so as to B. such as to
C. so that D. such that
（B）
例3：Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner to the professor.
A. as far as B. the same as
C. as much as D. as long as
（C）
例4：It is not so much the language the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.
A. but B. nor C. as D. like
（C）
例1: , he can now only watch it on TV at home.
A.Obtaining not a ticket for the match
B.Not obtaining a ticket for the match
C.Not having obtained a ticket for the match
D.Not obtained a ticket for the match
（C）
例2: I’ve never been to Lhasa , but that’s the city .
A. I’d most like to visit B. which I like to visit mostly
C. where I like to visit D. I’d like much to visit
（A）
例3: , he always tries his best to complete it on time.
A.However the task is hard
B.However hard the task is
C.Though hard the task is
D.Though hard is the task (B)
例4: Even as a girl, to be her life, and theater audience were to be her best
teachers.
A.performing by Melissa were
B.it was known that Melissa’s performances were
C.knowing that Melissa’s performances were D. Melissa knew that performing was
(D)
例1：If you have really been studying English for a long time, it’s about time you
able to write letters in English.
A. should be B. were
C. must be D. are (B)
例2：This is an illness that can result in total blindness left untreated.
A. after B. if C. since D. unless (B)
例3：Do help yourself to some fruit, you?
A. can’t B. don’t C. Wouldn’t D. won’t (D)
例4：My mother can’t get because she has rheumatism.
A. about B. on C. through D. in (A)
例5：I was very much put by Mark’s rude behavior; it really annoyed me.
A. over B. off C. up D. by (B)
例6：The patient’s progress was very encouraging as he could get out of bed without help.
A. nearly B. hardly C. merely D. barely (A)
例1：Your advice would be valuable to him, who is now at a loss as to what to do first.
A. exceedingly B. excessively
C. extensively D. exclusively
（A）
例2：In winter drivers have trouble stopping their cars from on icy roads.
A. skating B. skidding
C. sliding D. slipping (B)
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例3：The customer expressed her for their broad hat.
A. disapproval B. distaste
C. dissatisfaction D. dismay (B)
例1: The project would a huge increase in defense spending.
A. result B. assure
C. entail D. accomplish (C)
例2: Dreams are in themselves, but, when combined with other data, they can tell us much about the dreamer.
A. uninformative B. startling
C. harmless D. uncontrollable (A)
例3: In order to repair barns, build fences, grow crops and care for animals, a farmer must indeed be .
A. restless B. skilled C. strong D. versatile (D)
例1: When you’re driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling to get into the right .
A. way B. track C. road D. lane (D)
例2: While he was in Beijing, he spent all his time some important museums and buildings.
A. visiting B. traveling
C. watching D. touring (A)
例1:The police let him go, because they didn’t find him guilty the murder.
A. of B. in C. over D. on (A)
例2: The chances of repetitions of these unfortunate events are indeed.
A. distant B. slim
C. unlikely D. narrow (B)
例1: During the famine, many people were to going without food for days.
A. sunk B. reduced
C. forced D. declined (B)
例2: We should make a clear between “competent” and “proficient” for the purpose of our discussion.
A. separation B. division
C. distinction D. difference C
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